A new study has found that while bilateral mastectomy reduces the risk of cancer in the opposite breast, it does not improve overall survival rates. This challenges the belief that more aggressive surgery leads to better long-term outcomes for women with unilateral breast cancer. Researchers from Women’s College Hospital in Toronto studied the effects of different surgeries on women with cancer in one breast, comparing bilateral mastectomy, lumpectomy, and unilateral mastectomy. The study, which included 661,270 women aged 58.7 on average, found that bilateral mastectomy significantly lowers the risk of contralateral breast cancer but does not provide a survival advantage over less extensive surgeries. This information is crucial for patients and healthcare providers in making informed decisions about treatment options for breast cancer. “I compare it to debunking myths because many patients believe that undergoing a mastectomy is the safest option and will prolong their life,” stated Dr. Sowden. “Patients must comprehend the advantages and limitations of surgery. Choosing to have a mastectomy may appear to alleviate anxiety, but it’s crucial to understand that the chances of recurrence are not zero,” she clarified.
Healthcare providers can utilize the findings of the study to facilitate conversations with patients regarding their treatment choices. By highlighting individualized care, they can assist patients in evaluating the benefits of reducing cancer risk versus the absence of survival advantages, resulting in more informed decisions that align with the patients’ values and preferences.
Mr. Giannakeas, the author of the study, shared a personal anecdote to underscore the complexity of surgical decisions. Although his study did not investigate the quality of life related to the choice of surgery, he pointed out that other research indicates that women who opt for bilateral mastectomy often experience a sense of relief.
Speaking about his mother, who was diagnosed with breast cancer seven years ago, he mentioned, “Ultimately, she opted for a bilateral mastectomy out of fear of potentially facing another diagnosis and treatment in the future.” He believes that this decision brought her peace of mind that breast-conserving surgery could not provide.
“Each cancer patient brings with them their unique set of biases and beliefs that we need to address for both them and their families. The objective is to ensure that every patient feels confident and comfortable with the decision they ultimately make,” explained Dr. Sowden. “It’s a deeply personal choice, and my role is to support them in selecting the option that is best for them.”
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