Bill asserts that while land use regulation is typically the responsibility of state and local governments, federal assistance is now essential to implement necessary ‘reforms.’ A proposed bill aimed at enhancing federal authority to tackle the affordable housing crisis could lead to the emergence of tiny homes in backyards nationwide, apartments without parking, houses constructed in back alleys, and taller buildings within local communities. The United States is projected to experience a population surge, with estimates indicating an increase from 342 million people in 2024 to 383 million people in 2054, primarily driven by immigration.
Despite studies suggesting a shortage of 2 to 4 million housing units in the nation, Census data does not provide clear evidence of this shortage. A study in the journal “Housing Policy Debate” highlights that while there may be enough homes available, they are often unaffordable, disproportionately impacting extremely low-income renters. In response, officials at various levels of government are exploring strategies to promote more affordable housing options.
A bill introduced by U.S. Sen. John Fetterman and Rep. Lisa Blunt Rochester seeks to involve the federal government in local zoning by encouraging communities to revise zoning and land use regulations to accommodate a larger population within existing neighborhoods. This bill emphasizes the importance of providing fair and affordable housing opportunities nationwide, stating that any zoning ordinances restricting housing based on economic status are contrary to regional and national interests.
The Reducing Regulatory Barriers to Housing Act defines affordable housing as housing costing less than 30% of a household’s monthly income. It proposes creating new national frameworks and guidance for local zoning, establishing a grant program for municipalities to digitize zoning codes, and forming a task force to define national zoning policy. The task force will include experts in affordable housing, community development, and fair housing to offer recommendations for zoning changes that could enhance housing affordability and accessibility.
The bill also aims to eliminate restrictions on accessory dwelling units, such as tiny homes in backyards, to increase the supply of affordable housing. In Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, officials are considering changes to zoning laws to permit new housing in alleys behind existing homes, further expanding affordable housing options in the area.
If we are serious about addressing the housing shortage, one place to start is by addressing the issue of illegal immigration
Living closer together can help curb urban sprawl and preserve open spaces. Some states have implemented urban growth boundaries to restrict construction outside of metropolitan areas. Oregon, Washington, and Tennessee are examples of states with different types of boundaries in place.
For instance, Portland, Oregon, has had an urban growth boundary since 1980. As cities grow, these boundaries lead to the construction of taller buildings, more apartments, duplexes, and row homes in densely populated areas to accommodate the growing population.
In Portland, homeowners are allowed to host one occupied recreational vehicle or camper on their property. Additionally, tiny homes and detached sleeping rooms are permitted.
Mike Kingsella, CEO of Up for Growth Action, emphasized the importance of supporting legislation that empowers state and local governments with resources, data, and innovative models to address the housing crisis. He believes these measures will help communities create more housing opportunities.
However, critics like Tom DeWeese from the Committee For A Constructive Tomorrow argue that the federal government is trying to introduce public housing into single-family home neighborhoods.
The new legislation has garnered support from various nonprofits and housing advocacy groups, including California YIMBY, CASA of Oregon, Housing Assistance Council, Congress for the New Urbanism, Council of Large Public Housing Authorities, National Apartment Association, National Association of Affordable Housing Lenders, National Multifamily Housing Council, Pro-Housing Pittsburgh, Spokane Housing for All, and Abundant Housing Atlanta.
