Ginkgo, also known as Ginkgo biloba, is a popular herbal supplement in the United States and Europe due to its ability to increase circulation and improve cognition and memory. With an aging population and rising rates of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s, ginkgo biloba offers a natural way to support brain health. Its benefits include improving memory, focus, concentration, and overall cognitive function.
Ginkgo trees are ancient, resilient trees with fan-shaped leaves that have been used for centuries in traditional medicines. The active ingredients in ginkgo, including flavonoids and terpenoids, provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that protect nerves, blood vessels, the heart, and the eyes. Ginkgo also helps increase blood circulation and reduce oxidative stress, which can benefit conditions like Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Research has shown that ginkgo biloba extracts protect neurons and have a wide range of actions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Ginkgo is commonly used to treat neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases in various cultures.
The most commonly used parts of the ginkgo biloba tree for medicinal purposes are the leaves and nuts or seeds. Ginkgo leaf extract is typically studied for its health benefits, particularly for brain-related conditions.
One licensed naturopathic physician, Dr. LeGrand Peterson, has used ginkgo biloba to improve focus, memory, and cognitive performance in patients with ADHD. Studies have shown that ginkgo can increase blood flow to the brain, supplying essential nutrients and oxygen for proper brain function.
In a clinical trial, a ginkgo extract was found to be as effective as the drug donepezil in treating mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s dementia. Donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor commonly used for Alzheimer’s treatment. The study concluded that both the ginkgo extract and donepezil were effective in slowing down disease progression and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s patients. This study also contributes to establishing the efficacy and tolerability of the Ginkgo biloba special extract E.S. in Alzheimer’s type dementia, particularly in moderately severe stages.
Headaches
Another lesser-known benefit of ginkgo biloba, according to Mr. LeGrand, is its ability to prevent and reduce the severity of headaches.
“Because ginkgo increases blood flow, it can actually serve as a preventative measure for headaches. I’ve personally found it quite helpful, especially for myself and some of my patients who have tried other remedies without success. They have found that it helps reduce their headaches due to the increased blood flow.”
Cognitive Function
Despite ginkgo’s positive effects on ADHD and headaches, Mr. LeGrand believes its most significant impacts are on memory and cognition.
“The most notable positive effects I have observed, both personally and with my clients, are related to memory and cognitive function. That’s why I recommend it to my patients and clients with ADHD, as one of the symptoms they often struggle with is memory problems or cognitive function. Ginkgo is a valuable addition that I typically recommend.”
Ginkgo Biloba in Chinese Medicine
The leaves and seeds of Ginkgo biloba have been utilized in Chinese medicine for centuries. The leaves, known as bai gou, and the seeds, known as bai gou ye, have traditionally been used as lung tonics for coughing, shortness of breath, and conditions involving phlegm. Ginkgo also aids in moving blood and breaking up stagnation, a common cause of painful conditions.
The study concluded that the extract was highly effective for dizziness caused by cerebral arteriosclerosis and significantly improved accompanying symptoms such as headache and forgetfulness. Overall, the extract enhanced patients’ recovery and quality of life. The authors also emphasized the safety of the ginkgo extract.
According to the “Chinese Medicine Materia Medica,” ginkgo is an astringent with both sweet and bitter properties, affecting the lungs and kidneys. Its astringent qualities make it effective for treating coughs, urinary incontinence, and vaginal discharge.
Ginkgo biloba trees have been symbolic of longevity and vitality in Chinese culture for centuries, and these trees often grow in Taoist temple gardens, predating their construction. Ginkgo nuts or seeds are commonly used in Chinese cuisine, particularly in congees, soups, and desserts.
A Word of Caution
Research indicates that ginkgo is generally safe and well-tolerated; however, ginkgo seeds and leaves contain ginkgotoxin, a naturally occurring toxin. While supplement levels are low, high doses or long-term use of ginkgo is not recommended. Individuals taking prescription medications should consult a healthcare provider before using ginkgo.
Due to its blood-thinning effects, ginkgo should not be taken by those on blood-thinning medications and should be discontinued about two weeks before any surgical procedures to reduce the risk of bleeding.
Final Thoughts
Ginkgo biloba is a popular supplement, widely used in the United States and Europe. Extensively studied, it offers numerous benefits, particularly for brain-related conditions. If you are seeking a natural way to enhance brain health, ginkgo biloba is a promising option to explore.
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